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1 Marriage Aspects Of Minangkabau Matrilineal Systems In Hamka s Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck Syamsul Bahri English Department Faculty of Language and Arts Universitas Negeri Medan ABSTRACT This study explores the cultural elements found in the literary work of Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck in the form of Novel written by Buya Hamka. It utilizes an extrinsic approach in which there are some interpretations and explanations about cultural elements in Hamka s Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck.
It describes the aspects of marriage based on Minangkabau custom especially practiced in Batipuh, West Sumatera that still hold fast to the tradition and culture very much concerned to the female (matrilineal) lineage. There are several elements of culture on the marriage of Minangkabau matrilineal systems in the novel of Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck, namely; 1.Mamak (mother s brother) whether he is eldest or youngest,he has a huge role and responsibility to preserve the tradition of Minangkabau Matrilineal systems in the family of Minangkabau,West Sumatera and he will bring the matters of custom into the meeting of Niniak Mamak.2. If a man wants to marry a woman, Niniak Mamak from the man directly has to come to the family of the women asking about the marriage. Someone who has a right to receive or deny a proposal of marriage is not the woman or even the parents or aunt (mandeh) of the woman. Mamak (uncle), mother s brother has a big role for it and then he brings it into the meeting ofniniak Mamak in order to get a decision to receive or not. Mamak (uncle) of a Minangkabau woman will just receieve a man from Minangkabau who has a clan from lineage of mother (Piliang,Sikumbang,or Chaniago etc ) will be accepted being a husband for niece.
Mamak will not accept a mixed race man to be a husband for a niece in the conservative society of Minangkabau Matrilineal systems,west Sumatera Keywords: Marriage, Matrilineal System, Minangkabau, Tenggelammnya Kapal Van Der Wijck 1 2 INTRODUCTION Human beings have various experience of life that sometimes can rise problems, happiness,and sadness. The expression of imagination, feeling and reality of life in written record stated by human, of course, it uses a language.language is a means for people to communicate their experience of life and cultural values.this can expand out the various aspects of literature as human creation. Literature is a means of human creation that conveys social life and reality.
It has an artistic value that can give a pleasure for the people. Through Literature, human expresses the culture or tradition in the form of its literary works.
Literature is also definied as body of written work of a particular culture or people, Girling ( 1978: 541). It describes the aspects of culture or tradition inone country which enable to enrich human creation. Instead of giving a pleasure, literature also conveys the expansion of moral values to the readers. Moral lessons can give a natural respon for human to implement them in reality.
Literature can be revealed in the means of poetry, play and prose. Prose is one of literary works that has no matricial pattern, and conveys human experience of life in particular culture or people in certain periode.it is a human creation full of imagination,reality of life,and interesting experience of human life. Prose usually uses a novel as the medium to reveal its thought.
Novel is a long story in prose meant primarilly for entertainment, and presenting a realistic picture of life, Tilak ( 1992: 112).As a literary work, novel ususally potrays the characters and presents an organized series of events and settings.it is an account of life,and depicts the social life aspects and the universe of everything in human life. One of the novels describing a culture or tradition of one country in Minangkabau,Batipuh,West Sumatera, is Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck by Buya Hamka.