Introduction The Gatling gun is an iconic weapon from the Wild West era in the eyes of many who are not gun enthusiasts, but the gun aficionado sees it as so much more than that. There is much potential in the building of a Gatling gun, even though the traditional versions were retired from U.S. Army use over one hundred years ago. Building one can be a great way to reconnect with the past, develop a love for military weaponry, or simply own a piece of history. They are not considered a fully-automatic weapon, since they require cranking for continuous fire, but they behave very similarly in that many rounds can be fired in a very short period of time with little work from the gun wielder. Gatling Gun History Dr. Richard Gatling designed the first Gatling gun as a “solution to the number of deaths by combat/disease and to prove the futility of war” in 1861.
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It was patented in November, 1862, and quickly pressed into service for the American Civil War. Programma dlya rascheta otvodov trub mac. Although not truly an automatic weapon, it represented great innovation for the gun industry, and showcased modern technology nearly unheard of for its time in the field of weaponry. At that time, there were only a few other weapons capable of firing en masse, but these had to be reloaded once fired, making them cumbersome and inefficient. The Gatling gun’s ability to fire at a high rate of speed without having to reload each time made it instantly popular, an effective and efficient choice for the battlefield. Even soldiers who had not been trained to use the weapon could fire upwards of 200 rounds per minute in most cases, a tremendous asset to say the least.
The Union Army first purchased the Gatling gun for Civil War use, with the American Army as a whole adopting the weapon in 1866. During the late 1870s, it was also used as an effective battle weapon for the Peruvian army, and continued to act as thus until well into the 1880s.
Types and Modifications of Gatling Guns The first Gatling guns featured six to ten barrels rotating around a central shaft, with different forms of dampened material between the barrels to attempt to prevent them from overheating. As the gun’s design evolved, one of the earlier modifications eliminated the need for the damp material and made the gun more efficient. These early models also featured black powder-charged steel cylinders primed by use of a percussion cap until the development of self-contained brass cartridges, with each barrel having its own mechanism for firing. A few years after the Gatling gun was patented, modern brass cartridges took the place of the old paper ones. Modifications in firing mechanisms, cartridges, housing, or other components led to the development of several types of Gatling guns over the next few decades. However, by 1911, all Gatling guns were no longer in service for the U.S.